Covid-19 / SARS-Cov2 - naučne/medicinske informacije i analize

[stefan81888]

Znam da je bilo već i izvinjavam se što opet pitam, ali malo je hitno. 

 

Ako nekog testiraju  i pokaže se da ima antitela, je l to može da znači da je ili preležao/ima koronu ili je razvio imunitet zbog kontakta sa sličnim virusom? 

 

Test na koronu tek treba da bude rađen. 

 

Oprostite još jednom i hvala. 

[ciao]

28 minutes ago, stefan81888 said:

Znam da je bilo već i izvinjavam se što opet pitam, ali malo je hitno. 

 

Ako nekog testiraju  i pokaže se da ima antitela, je l to može da znači da je ili preležao/ima koronu ili je razvio imunitet zbog kontakta sa sličnim virusom? 

 

Test na koronu tek treba da bude rađen. 

 

Oprostite još jednom i hvala. 

U Francuskoj je od skoro taj test moguc u apoteci i dosta ga objasnjavaju - ukratko ako je test negativan to znaci da osoba nije bila u kontaktu sa zarazenim a ako je pozitivna treba da ide na dalje testiranje da bi se videlo da li je zarazan ili imuniziran ili....

[Angelia]

33 minutes ago, stefan81888 said:

Znam da je bilo već i izvinjavam se što opet pitam, ali malo je hitno. 

 

Ako nekog testiraju  i pokaže se da ima antitela, je l to može da znači da je ili preležao/ima koronu ili je razvio imunitet zbog kontakta sa sličnim virusom? 

 

Test na koronu tek treba da bude rađen. 

 

Oprostite još jednom i hvala. 

Moze da bude da si imao kontakt sa bilo kojim corona virusem, ne znaci da imas imunitet, ali moze da bude i da si prelezao ovaj. U principu, sve moze a ne mora. Test na anti-tela je izuzetno nesiguran.

[Asterion]

 

[Asterion]

On 7/21/2020 at 9:03 AM, CheshireCat said:

 

 

Koja je šansa da se ovakva investicija propadne. Koja je šansa da se vakcina pokaže kao nedelotvorna?

 

Nizka. Zašto:

 

Lancet:

 

Quote

These results, together with the induction of both humoral and cellular immune responses, support large-scale evaluation of this candidate vaccine in an ongoing phase 3 programme.

 

[Asterion]

Quote

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2577-1?utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=social&utm_content=organic&utm_campaign=NGMT_USG_JC01_GL_Nature

 

The emergence of the novel SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 2019 has triggered an ongoing global pandemic of severe pneumonia-like disease designated as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)¹. The development of a vaccine is likely to require at least 12-18 months, and the typical timeline for approval of a novel antiviral therapeutic can exceed 10 years. Thus, repurposing of known drugs could significantly accelerate the deployment of novel therapies for COVID-19. Towards this end, we profiled a library of known drugs encompassing approximately 12,000 clinical-stage or FDA-approved small molecules. We report the identification of 100 molecules that inhibit viral replication, including 21 known drugs that exhibit dose response relationships. Of these, thirteen were found to harbor effective concentrations likely commensurate with achievable therapeutic doses in patients, including the PIKfyve kinase inhibitor apilimod^2–4, and the cysteine protease inhibitors MDL-28170, Z LVG CHN2, VBY-825, and ONO 5334. Notably, MDL-28170, ONO 5334, and apilimod were found to antagonize viral replication in human iPSC-derived pneumocyte-like cells, and the PIKfyve inhibitor also demonstrated antiviral efficacy in a primary human lung explant model. Since most of the molecules identified in this study have already advanced into the clinic, the known pharmacological and human safety profiles of these compounds will enable accelerated preclinical and clinical evaluation of these drugs for the treatment of COVID-19.

 

Quote

https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa889/5864495

Background

Social distancing and stringent hygiene seem effective in reducing the number of transmitted virus particles, and therefore the infectivity, of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and could alter the mode of transmission of the disease. However, it is not known if such practices can change the clinical course in infected individuals.

Methods

We prospectively studied an outbreak of COVID-19 in Switzerland among a population of 508 predominantly male soldiers with a median age of 21 years. We followed the number of infections in two spatially separated cohorts with almost identical baseline characteristics with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) before and after implementation of stringent social distancing.

Results

Of the 354 soldiers infected prior to the implementation of social distancing, 30% fell ill from COVID-19. While no soldier in a group of 154, in which infections appeared after implementation of social distancing, developed COVID-19 despite the detection of viral RNA in the nose and virus-specific antibodies within this group.

Conclusions

Social distancing not only can slow the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in a cohort of young, healthy adults but can also prevent the outbreak of COVID-19 while still inducing an immune response and colonizing nasal passages. Viral inoculum during infection or mode of transmission may be key factors determining the clinical course of COVID-19.

 

[handys]

Ima li novih studija o vrticima kao izvorima zaraze? Vidim da kod nas raste broj slucajeva zarazene dece, ali ne toliko koliko kad su odrasli u pitanju. Ja sam klinca izvukao pocetkom jula (pre toga je isao mesec dana bez posledica po okolinu), i sad trazim neke studije koje bi mi bile osnov za eventualnu odluku da ga vratim. A opet, nisam siguran koji je pravi trenutak za to.

[Asterion]

Kineska virologinja.

[Asterion]

 

Quote

 

Abstract

 

We aerosolized severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and determined that its dynamic aerosol efficiency surpassed those of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome. Although we performed experiment only once across several laboratories, our findings suggest retained infectivity and virion integrity for up to 16 hours in respirable-sized aerosols.

 

 

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 Aerosol suspension results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 persists longer than would be expected when generated as this size particle (2-µm mass median aerodynamic diameter). This finding is notable because decay and loss in the infectious fraction of airborne virus would be expected on the basis of prior susceptibility studies with other environmentally hardy viruses, such as monkeypox virus (5). A recent study (6) showing only a slight reduction of infectivity in aerosol suspensions with approximately similar particle sizes also suggested minimal effects on SARS-CoV-2 airborne degradation.

 

Collectively, these preliminary data suggest that SARS-CoV-2 is resilient in aerosol form and agree with conclusions reached in earlier studies of aerosol fitness.

 

Aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2 may be a more important exposure transmission pathway than previously considered (7). Our approach of quantitative measurement of infectivity of viral airborne efficiency augmented by assessment of virion morphology suggests that SARS-CoV-2 may be viable as an airborne pathogen. 

 

Humans produce aerosols continuously through normal respiration (8). Aerosol production increases during respiratory illnesses (9,10) and during louder-than-normal oration (11). A fraction of naturally generated aerosols falls within the size distribution used in our experimental studies (<5 μm), which leads us to conclude that SARS-CoV-2–infected persons may produce viral bioaerosols that remain infectious for long periods after production through human shedding and airborne transport. Accordingly, our study results provide a preliminary basis for broader recognition of the unique aerobiology of SARS-CoV-2, which might lead to tractable solutions and prevention interventions.

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/9/20-1806_article

 

 

 

Edited July 27, 2020 by Asterion

[Asterion]

Ovo gore:

- virus u obliki aerosola (znači manji je od sitnih kapi koje 'pljuvamo' kad govorimo)-> može da se širi i na više razdalje, jer lebdi..jer su u pitanju manji partikli.

- Možda bi mogoa virus npr. u vrlo suvom prostoru (npr. grejanje) ostati infnktivan u zraku i do 16 sati. 

 

Zato:

- zatvoreni prostori i puno ljudi je NO GO.

- prezračujte prostore redovno

- kupite zimi nešto što vlaži prostore, jer su zimi prostori vrlo suhi (od grejanja).

 

U glavnom trebače istraživači još da se dobro fokusiraju na 'aerosolni oblik' virusa. 

Edited July 27, 2020 by Asterion

[Asterion]

Kome se ne spava...

 

Transmission of COVID-19 virus by droplets and aerosols: A critical review on the unresolved dichotomy

[Sunshine State]

Nova saznanja i preporuke od strane CDC u US:

 

Some key points and new CDC recommendations regarding quarantine: Virus replication component not detectable after 10 days, self isolation (quarantine) in mild-moderate cases therefore decreased from 14 to 10 days, virus shedding in upper respiratory system may last up to 3months (no retesting recommended), no reinfections confirmed in a period of 6months.

 

Duration of isolation and precautions

• For most persons with COVID-19 illness, isolation and precautions can generally be discontinued 10 days after symptom onset¹ and resolution of fever for at least 24 hours, without the use of fever-reducing medications, and with improvement of other symptoms.
  • A limited number of persons with severe illness may produce replication-competent virus beyond 10 days that may warrant extending duration of isolation and precautions for up to 20 days after symptom onset; consider consultation with infection control experts.
• For persons who never develop symptoms, isolation and other precautions can be discontinued 10 days after the date of their first positive RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 RNA.

https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/duration-isolation.html?fbclid=IwAR13k4QBW9X92gitOgtV7XSf85iIQA7i4G3ynwjaC_1xutkC0aOpK_xRak8

 

U vecini slucajeva (samo)zolacija se moze smanjiti na 10 dana, "ostaci" virusa se mogu detektovati u gornjem respiratornom sistemu i do 3 meseca (ponovno testiranje nije preporuceno) i slucajevi reinfekcije nisu potvrdjena u periodu od 6 meseci

[Juan Pablo Montoya]

On 7/21/2020 at 3:32 PM, Ruby Rhod (koji lebdi) said:

https://www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/astrazeneca-signs-covid-19-shot-deal-russia-days-after-hacking-accusations-surface

 

I u Rusiji ce se stancati Oxford/AstraZeneca vakcina. 

 

Kakav ce mindfart da dozive prvosrbijanci kad saznaju da se vakcina za zigosanje i cipovanjej proizvodi u Rusiji...

[Ryu]

 

[Laki21]

  

9 hours ago, Ryu said:

 

 

 

Sledeće dve nedelje su ključne.

 

 

https://nova.rs/region/rusija-ce-prva-u-svetu-odobriti-vakcinu-za-koronavirus/

Edited July 29, 2020 by Laki21

[Ryu]

Čuvene dve nedelje na koje ni Rusija nije imuna. Znam da postoji više faza u istraživanju vakcine dok ona ne bude spremna za masovnu upotrebu i bez obzira na tu činjenicu iznešene su smele tvrdnje u pogledu vremenskog okvira za njenu upotrebu, i to na CNN-u. S obzirom da sve oblasti ljudskog života spadaju u domen međunarodnog rivalstva siguran sam da Rusija želi da izazove anksioznost u ostatku sveta plasiranjem ovakve informacije. Ako se povuče paralela sa momentom Sputnjika, biće ovo ogromna vest ukoliko je tačno o napretku razvoja vakcine, jer je tadašnja američka administracija lansiranje satelita u svemir doživela kao sopstvenu propast. Ulje na vatru dolivale su vesti o fantastičnom rastu sovjetskog BDP-a što se može uporediti sa današnjim kineskim ekonomskim rastom koji izaziva nesigurnost u Vašingtonu. Ljudski je nadati se pozitivnim vestima, a ovakvu ljudsku prirodu Rusija maksimalno koristi da održi svoje prisustvo u krugu velikih sila.

[Jamesdin]

Davno sam čitao da je SSSR imao totalno različit sistem lečenja od zapadnih zemalja. Nisu koristili antibiotike, nego su imali drugačiji pristup. Ako se neko seti, ili zna o čemu se radi, neka napiše. Posle raspada SSSR-a, zapadne kompanije su pokupovale firme koje su proizvodile lekove, a znanje je ili uništeno ili sakriveno. Kasnije sam pročitao, da bi to znanje dobro došlo u lečenju superbakterija, ali da je na žalost izgubljeno.  Da li je to tačno, nemam pojma. 

[Asterion]

1 hour ago, Stevapn said:

Davno sam čitao da je SSSR imao totalno različit sistem lečenja od zapadnih zemalja. Nisu koristili antibiotike, nego su imali drugačiji pristup. Ako se neko seti, ili zna o čemu se radi, neka napiše. Posle raspada SSSR-a, zapadne kompanije su pokupovale firme koje su proizvodile lekove, a znanje je ili uništeno ili sakriveno. Kasnije sam pročitao, da bi to znanje dobro došlo u lečenju superbakterija, ali da je na žalost izgubljeno.  Da li je to tačno, nemam pojma. 

 

*USSR (1925-1955), 2018: klik

 

**phage therapy (review etc.), 2018: klik

Edited July 29, 2020 by Asterion

[Asterion]

Why the world needs viruses to function

[Mama_mia]

On 7/29/2020 at 4:20 PM, Stevapn said:

Davno sam čitao da je SSSR imao totalno različit sistem lečenja od zapadnih zemalja. Nisu koristili antibiotike, nego su imali drugačiji pristup. Ako se neko seti, ili zna o čemu se radi, neka napiše. Posle raspada SSSR-a, zapadne kompanije su pokupovale firme koje su proizvodile lekove, a znanje je ili uništeno ili sakriveno.

 

i ja sam nesto o tome davno procitala i secam se da je pisalo da sssr nije imao pristup niti mogucnost da leci na nacin kako su to radili na zapadu pa su se zato dovijali kako su znali i umeli,

moguce je da je posle ispalo da su u pitanju neki jos nevidjeni tajni ruski medikamenti koji su nestali u akciji...medjutim ne mislim da je to neka misterija za koju zapad ne zna i koju ne bi mogao da iskoristi da je iskoristljivo

 

aha, ima ispod link, mozda tu ima nesto o ovome...

[Asterion]

Evo, d napišem još zadni post u vezi virusa... moje mišljenje:

- početak septembra biče novi porst na S polobli, kasnije još krajem novembra i do negde feb. najteži dio. Zato se čuvajte, vežbajte i hladna glava.

- efektivna vakcina verovatno posle nove godine: biče nuspojava ( puno ljudi če je primiti)-> to če mediji  dizat na kvadrat. Nemojte se ustrašiti.

- Za nekoliko godina (5-10) če se verovatno  pojaviti novi belaj (neki novi virus), jer tokovi para nisu optimalni na više nivoja (npr. premalo se ulaže u istraživanje i zdravstvo).

 

 

 

 

 

[wwww]

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2768952

Quote

Early reports did not find strong evidence of children as major contributors to SARS-CoV-2 spread,³ but school closures early in pandemic responses thwarted larger-scale investigations of schools as a source of community transmission. As public health systems look to reopen schools and day cares, understanding transmission potential in children will be important to guide public health measures. Here, we report that replication of SARS-CoV-2 in older children leads to similar levels of viral nucleic acid as adults, but significantly greater amounts of viral nucleic acid are detected in children younger than 5 years.

 

[𝓑𝓪𝓫𝔂]

First dog to test positive for coronavirus in US dies

 

The first dog to test positive for the coronavirus in the U.S. has died, National Geographic reported Wednesday. 

The German shepherd, which was named Buddy and lived with his owners at a home in Staten Island, N.Y., died on July 11, according to the magazine. 

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Buddy began struggling to breathe in the middle of April, right before his seventh birthday. He also likely had lymphoma, a type of cancer, National Geographic, reported citing medical records provided by his owners and reviewed by two veterinarians not involved in the dog's treatment. 

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They also described a confusing process, as fewer than 25 pets have been confirmed to have coronavirus in the U.S., while more than 4 million Americans have been infected. 

 

[Klotzen]

Danska iskustva iz ugla našeg doktora koji živi tamo :

 

https://www.danas.rs/dijalog/licni-stavovi/kako-se-danci-bore-protiv-kovida/

 

[ciao]

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2550-z

 

Interesantni rezultati rada koji treba da bude publikovan u Nature ( casopis number 1)

 

Vrlo ozbiljno istrazivanje iz Singapura koje pokazuje da postoji imunitet tj prisustvo T-cells ili T-lymphocita (koji stite od korone ili bar ublazavaju simptome covid) kod ljudi koji su imali covid ali takodje i kod 50% ljudi koji nisu bili u dodiru sa koronom. Pretpostavlja se da je zarazenost posledica ranije zarazenosti sa SARS ili MERS corona virusom.

 

Nisam sigurna da sve dobro razumem, meni to zvuci kao suvise lepo da bi bilo istinito jer ako 50% ljudi vec ima imunitet (mozda su to samo ljudi u Singapuru koji su bili vise izlozeni SARS-u i MERS-u?) onda smo sa novih desetak recimo procenata vise onih koji su direktno imunizirani koronom blizu herd immunity? Ako je to tacno a rad izgleda ozbiljan onda bar polovini ljudi vakcina nije ni potrebna jer su vec imuni? O tome ukrstenom imunitetu se vec dosta pise, ovo mi izgleda najozbiljnije istrazivanje na tu temu.

Mozda ako ima neko strucniji (@Asterion naprimer?) da prokomentarise