Covid-19 / SARS-Cov2 - naučne/medicinske informacije i analize

[erwin]

 

 

Merili su i T-ćelije.

Studija:

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(21)02717-3/fulltext

 

Niz tvitova glavnog autora studije:

 

 

 

[erwin]

Iz studije:

 

Rezultati različitih buster vakcina posle dve AstraZeneke (gornja polovina su antitela, donja ćelijski odgovor tj. T-ćelije)

 

 

Rezultati različitih buster vakcina posle dva Fajzera (gornja polovina su antitela, donja ćelijski odgovor tj. T-ćelije)

 

 

Quote

Figure 3
Subgroup immunogenicity analyses by age for anti-spike IgG and cellular response at 28 days post third dose between study vaccines and controls for the ChAd/ChAd-primed population (A) and BNT/BNT-primed population (B)

ELU=ELISA laboratory units.
Control=quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine.
ChAd=ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, Oxford–AstraZeneca.
NVX=NVX-CoV2373 vaccine, Novavax.
NVX half=half dose of NVX-CoV2373 vaccine, Novavax.
BNT=BNT162b2 vaccine, Pfizer–BioNTech.
VLA=VLA2001 vaccine, Valneva.
VLA half=half dose of VLA2001 vaccine, Valneva.
Ad26=Ad26.COV2.S vaccine, Janssen.
BNT half=half dose of BNT162b2 vaccine, Pfizer-Biontech.
m1273=mRNA1273 vaccine, Moderna.
CVn=CVnCoV vaccine, Curevac.

[erwin]

Quote

"I think it is clear that omicron has higher transmission rate. That part, we are pretty sure of," Randall N. Hyer, senior vice president of Moderna, said in a recent interview with Yonhap News Agency in Seoul. "In terms of effectiveness against (COVID-19) vaccines, we don't know yet." (...)

"We have three lines of defense (against the omicron variant) in parallel," Hyer said. "Yet, we don't know which one will be the most successful."

Under the first strategy, Moderna has completed a safety and immunogenicity study of administering a high dose of its existing mRNA vaccine as a booster.

"We already have clinical data on boosters ... we want to know how it works on omicron," the senior executive said, adding the results of initial data are expected in the next two to three weeks.

The senior vice president said the second stage is studying two multivalent booster candidates in the clinic, which are designed to anticipate mutations that have emerged in the omicron variant.

The third strategy, currently pursued by Moderna and its rivals, is to develop omicron-tailored vaccines that can be administered as a booster shot following full vaccination.

The vaccine expert also said such booster vaccines can be administered with COVID-19 vaccines from other manufacturers, noting such a mix-and-match regimen is both effective and safe.

As to a question of the earliest timing on the results, Hyer said Moderna is moving as fast as it can with all three strategies equally in mind.

https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20211202010600320

Edited December 6, 2021 by erwin

[erwin]

 I Kinezi (Sinovak) potvrdili da razvijaju vakcinu protiv omikrona.

 

 

Google prevod:

Quote

President of Butantan, Dimas Covas, opens a symposium and CEO of Sinovac, Weidong Yin, says that the pharmaceutical company is already developing a new immunizing agent based on the Omicron strain. See more at https://butantan.gov.br/noticias/simposio-internacional-comeca-com-declaracoes-do-butantan-e-sinovac-e-expectativa-de-atualizacao-da-coronavac-contra-variantes

 

[erwin]

Kineska iRNK vakcina je u završnoj fazi testiranja.

 

Vest od 12.11:

Quote

China has approved trials for the use of a domestically developed mRNA Covid-19 vaccine as a booster shot — a development that could widen the options for China’s vaccination campaign.

The Ministry of Science and Technology said it had approved clinical trials on the efficacy and safety of using the vaccine, which uses advanced genetic techniques to trigger an immune response, on adults who have already been given vaccines made using inactivated material from the coronavirus.

The vaccine, ARCoVax, was jointly developed by the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Suzhou Abogen Biosciences and Walvax Biotechnology. It is being tested in global multi-site final stage human trials, which hope to recruit about 30,000 participants. Trial participants in Mexico were inoculated in September and in Malaysia last month.

https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3155739/china-approves-trials-using-mrna-vaccine-booster-shot

 

Edited December 7, 2021 by erwin

[shonke]

Bilo bi zanimljivo čuti na bazi kog soja su pravili ti vakcinu kao i kakvi su im rezultati u mexiku posle 3 meseca.

Sent from my Redmi Note 7 using Tapatalk

[erwin]

 

 

 

 

 

 

Edited December 9, 2021 by erwin

[erwin]

 

[Sunshine State]

Izuzetan clanak!!

 

Beyond Omicron: what’s next for COVID’s viral evolution

[erwin]

Detaljnije objašnjenje one procene efikasnosti vakcina koju su danas izbacili Englezi:

 

Quote

Freja Kirsebom, 5h, 11 tweets, 2 min read

 

Our first initial estimates of vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic disease with the Omicron variant are now out. In short, VE remains high following a Pfizer booster after AZ or Pfizer, but is reduced after two doses.

More below 👇

We used a test negative case control design to estimate VE against symptomatic COVID-19 with the Omicron variant compared to Delta. The odds of vaccination in PCR positive cases was compared to the odds of vaccination in those who test negative.

Pillar 2 tests were classified as either Delta or Omicron from the period 27/11 – 6/12 based on sequencing and SGFT where sequencing wasn’t available. From 27/11, at least 80% of PCR tests which included the S-gene as a target and which had SGTF were the Omicron variant.

581 symptomatic Omicron cases were identified during the study period which could be linked to the vaccine record. Over the same period there were 56,439 eligible Delta cases and 130,867 test negative controls.

Among those who received AZ as the primary course, from two weeks after a Pfizer booster, VE increased to 71.4% (95%CI: 41.8 to 86.0%). Among those who had received Pfizer as the primary course, VE increased to 75.5% (95%CI: 56.1 to 86.3%) after the booster.

 

Our findings show that VE against symptomatic disease with the Omicron variant is lower than with the Delta variant, although moderate to high VE of 70-75% is seen in the early period after a booster.

Due to the small numbers of Omicron cases detected and the time-lag between infection and severe disease, we have not yet been able to determine how protective the vaccines are against severe outcomes.

However - previous experience with the Delta variant suggests that protection against hospitalisation after two doses is well maintained. We will be looking at this as soon as there is enough data!

These findings are based on small numbers of cases with the Omicron variant and our estimates are subject to significant uncertainty with wide confidence intervals. This will improve as more data become available.

Our findings support maximising coverage with booster doses in highly vaccinated populations. Further follow-up will be needed to assess VE against more severe outcomes (such as hospitalisation) as well as the duration of protection of the booster vaccine.

Full pre-print here: khub.net/documents/1359…

https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1469350575389171715.html

[C.F.]

 US Army creates single vaccine

 

US Army Creates Single Vaccine Effective Against All COVID, SARS Variants

Within weeks, Walter Reed researchers expect to announce that human trials show success against Omicron—and even future strains.

Edited December 22, 2021 by ControlFreak

[C.F.]

Odličan tweet o maskama (PPE)

[Gistro Bančo]

Posto me nije dugo bilo ako mogu nekoga da pitam (da ne listam mnogo stranica)..gdje je i zasto zapelo oko Sputnik vakcine?

[erwin]

 

[urosg3]

On 12/29/2021 at 9:53 PM, ControlFreak said:

Odličan tweet o maskama (PPE)

Odličan, slažem se. Kako od početka do danas nisam menjao mišljenje o maskama, kao epidemiološkoj meri u smislu javnog zdravlja, a manjim delom i u smislu lične zaštite, a nosim teret  na forumu maskoskeptika (jel` da dobar izraz) imam potrebu da pojasnim. Sa ovim gos`n Alenom se slažem do zaključka tu se razilazimo. Voljan sam da kažem “masks work until they don’t” i to bi bio korektan zaključak jer da je samo “masks works" ostao bi onaj problem odakle worldometrima onoliki milioni zaraženih. Jer  premisa "masks works" zahteva osim ovoga što Alen navodi da korektno napiše prepreke u realnom životu vs studije, kontrolisane i izmerene.

E sad što njega više zanima da dokaže uspešno da rade, mene više zanima zašto smu tu gde jesmo uprkos zaključku da rade.

Ako je neko voljan, a slaže sa Alenom, mogli da polemišemo imam neke dobre argumente ili makar meni izgledaju dobro, imam i neke brojeve i procente.

[zoran59]

3 hours ago, urosg3 said:

Odličan, slažem se. Kako od početka do danas nisam menjao mišljenje o maskama, kao epidemiološkoj meri u smislu javnog zdravlja, a manjim delom i u smislu lične zaštite, a nosim teret  na forumu maskoskeptika (jel` da dobar izraz) imam potrebu da pojasnim. Sa ovim gos`n Alenom se slažem do zaključka tu se razilazimo. Voljan sam da kažem “masks work until they don’t” i to bi bio korektan zaključak jer da je samo “masks works" ostao bi onaj problem odakle worldometrima onoliki milioni zaraženih. Jer  premisa "masks works" zahteva osim ovoga što Alen navodi da korektno napiše prepreke u realnom životu vs studije, kontrolisane i izmerene.

E sad što njega više zanima da dokaže uspešno da rade, mene više zanima zašto smu tu gde jesmo uprkos zaključku da rade.

Ako je neko voljan, a slaže sa Alenom, mogli da polemišemo imam neke dobre argumente ili makar meni izgledaju dobro, imam i neke brojeve i procente.

 

Dragi moj Urose, ovde cu se upustiti u filozofiju.

 

 

Svet se menja, a promene dolaze sve brze.

Bili smo "viktorijanci" i uzasavali se (barem javno) seksa, pa su dosle '60-e i seksualnost je postala normalna. Danas je manje tako, opet se vracamo u neku drugu "normalu" i zene nose brushaltere a muskarci ne komentarisu, plaseci se da ne zavrse na sudu kao nasilnici.

OK, vremena se menjaju, obicaji i tendencije, na nama je da ih pratimo i prilagodimo se. Ako cemo da prezivimo ili barem da da budemo srecni.

 

Ovde je bitna i svakako licna definicija srece. Ti uzivas na Kosmaju dok peces prase. Svaka cast, zavidim, i meni bi bilo lepo de se druzim s tobom.

Ali ja putujem transkontinentalno motociklom.

Ne postoji nacin da se dokaze da je tvoja prasetina vrednija i bolja od moje voznje. Naprosto smo razliciti i svako uziva na svoj nacin.

 

Da se vratim na temu, tj. Covid.

 

Zatekla su nas vremena i obicajina koje nismo navikli, pa se opiremo. Uzalud.

Bezvezan primer, no nekada smo trebali vize za medjunarodna putovanja. Onda je to ukinuto. A danas negde trebamo Covid potvrde i vakcinacije i svasta.

Ma, nije nista drugacije nego pre nekih decenija, samo su se nasa ocekivanja promenila.

 

Mene je, balavca u prvom osnovne, deda slao u ducan (pola kilometra) da mu donesem/kupim flasu vina i paklo cigareta. Danas i ovde, ne mozes da kupis alkohol ili duvan bez legitimacije da si iznad 21. Promenila se vremena i stanje.

 

 

Aj'mo na koronu i vakcinaciju.

Bilo nam je normalno da ne mozemo da upisemo decu u zabaviste ili osnovnu skolu bez da ih vakcinisemo protiv necega (MMR. tuberkuloza, sta ja znam sta).

A danas, necemo jer zahtevamo licnu slobodu da budemo bolesni?

 

 

Licno, prilagodio sam se (ili barem pokusavam).

 

Darwin na delu. Prilagodi se ili umri. A i tako nema garantije, sve je statistika i verovatnoca.

 

 

[urosg3]

@zoran59
Vidi ovde je stvar malčice jednostavnija, to jest ne zadire toliko u svetonazor 🙂
Ali ovo me je zainteresovalo:
 

10 hours ago, zoran59 said:

Svet se menja, a promene dolaze sve brze.

Bili smo "viktorijanci" i uzasavali se (barem javno) seksa, pa su dosle '60-e i seksualnost je postala normalna. Danas je manje tako, opet se vracamo u neku drugu "normalu" i zene nose brushaltere a muskarci ne komentarisu, plaseci se da ne zavrse na sudu kao nasilnici.

OK, vremena se menjaju, obicaji i tendencije, na nama je da ih pratimo i prilagodimo se. Ako cemo da prezivimo ili barem da da budemo srecni.

 

Vidim da se menja i da su promene sve brže, neke su dobre ali ova konkretno nije baš. Klatno se, nakon divnih šezdesetih, veselih sedamdesetih lagano krenulo, potpomognuto medijima i masovnom kulturom pomerati u  desno, u konzervativizam. Mnogo mi se ne dopada.
I to je generacijski poraz, naš, moj i tvoj. Deci ostavljamo manje slobode nego što je nama data u nasleđe. 

[erwin]

 

[shonke]

Cena je 1200usd po dozi (daje se iv ali kao inekcija a ne infuzija - ne znam da li se tretman sastoji od jedne doze ili više).

[erwin]

I kineska (još neodobrena) iRNK vakcina muči se s omikronom posle dve doze, a vakcine-kandidati napravljeni specijalno za omikron nisu praktično ništa bolji. Srećom, posle treće doze situacija je zadovoljavajuća.

 

 

 

Quote

In a lab study analysing samples from 11 vaccinated people, eight demonstrated "low but detectable" neutralization activity against Omicron, researchers said in a letter to editors published in the journal Cell Research.

The neutralising antibody level against Omicron showed a 47-fold reduction compared with the level against a "wild-type" that contains no major mutations, said the paper published on Monday.

But in animal tests, a third dose, given about nine months after the second shot, readily induced the production of neutralizing antibodies against Omicron and a wild-type strain, it said.

"Our data presented here clearly demonstrate that a third dose of ARCoV would probably lead to a sharp increase in neutralization antibodies not only against the WT (wild type) SARS-CoV-2 but also the newly Omicron variant," the study said.

The researchers said they also conducted animal tests on two new mRNA vaccine candidates targeting Omicron and the result showed that the induced antibody levels were comparable to those elicited by the original ARCoV.

https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/chinas-potential-mrna-covid-vaccine-weaker-against-omicron-study-2022-02-15/?taid=620bc37a00a90b00013654f4&utm_campaign=trueanthem&utm_medium=trueanthem&utm_source=twitter

Edited February 15, 2022 by erwin

[handys]

https://www.yahoo.com/news/undiscovered-coronavirus-mystery-russian-flu-224015446.html

 

Bruessow, while acknowledging the uncertainties, would bet that the Russian flu was caused by a coronavirus. His work, which involved delving into old newspaper and journal articles, and public health reports on the Russian flu, uncovered that some patients had complained about conditions like a loss of taste and smell and long COVID-like symptoms.

Some historians speculated that the 19th century’s fin de siècle might actually have been lassitude caused by sequelae of the Russian flu.

Such symptoms are not typical of flu pandemics.

Like COVID, Bruessow reports, the Russian flu seems to have preferentially killed older people but not children. Ewing, examining 1890 records from the State Board of Health in Connecticut, found a similar pattern. If true, that would make the 1890 virus unlike influenza viruses which kill the very young as well as the very old.

[berti]

Kakva su iskustva sa lekom Favira?

[sasa965]

https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/44/3/73/htm

Aktivacija reverzne transkriptaze u kulturi humanih hepatocita.Prevođenje RNA u DNA.

[Amigo]

18 hours ago, sasa965 said:

https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/44/3/73/htm

Aktivacija reverzne transkriptaze u kulturi humanih hepatocita.Prevođenje RNA u DNA.

 

Hjad nam malo ovo prevedi 

[sasa965]

mRNA = jedan lanac nukleotida .   Na tom lancu je recept za slaganje amino kiselina koji čini spike protein.

Tehnologija služi da zaobiđe prvi korak imunološkog sistema.

Naša ćelija sintetiše spik protein a on služi kao matrica za proizvodnju antitela.Ovo ti je krajnje uprošćeno.

 

U ovom eksperimentu su uočili da se aktivira enzim(reverzna transkriptaza) koji prevodi mRNA u DNA što nije bilo očekivano 

Spajanje nativne DNA i ovih parčića DNA(440 parova nukleotida) nije istraživano.

Moraćemo da sačekamo dalja istraživanja .

Ako pod nekim uslovima dođe do spajanja te dve DNA , eto nama problema.

Samo spajanje DNA iz jedra sa stranim materijalom je jako teško , komplikovano , potrebna je aktivacija silnih enzima  ali nije i nemoguće.

 

Za sada trepće žuto svetlo.

 

Pojma nemam koliko ti je razumljivo?

Ako treba pojašnjenje tu sam.