wwww

Mutation drives evolution. All RNA viruses, including both orthomyxoviruses (flu) and coronaviruses, have a high mutation rate because the enzyme (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase or RdRp) that copies the genome during replication can’t proofread. (Incidentally our enzymes that copy our genomes when our cells divide, called DNA polymerase, does have proofreading capabilities, so we have fewer mutations. That, along with our much lower reproduction rate, is why evolution occurs over a much longer time scale for us) So if the RdRp makes an error, or a typo, when copying the genome, that’s a mutation, a normal occurrence for RNA viruses. However, coronaviruses have another enzyme that DOES proofread, like a partial spell checker. So CoVs have a lower mutation rate than influenza viruses. Influenza also has a segmented genome. CoV genomes are one big piece of RNA, while flu genomes are divided into 8 pieces. That means if a bird, a pig, or a human is infected with 2 different influenza viruses at once, they can mix and match genome segments, called reassortment. Reassortment can result in new influenza viruses with unpredictable properties. Reassortant viruses can have different host range, different transmissibility, & different pathogenicity. This can result in rapid emergence of completely new strains. Coronaviruses can’t reassort because they don’t have segmented genomes. They can recombine but there’s no evidence that recombination is occurring, particularly with regard to these new variants. Finally, influenza and coronaviruses are subject to different selection pressures driving evolution. Flu evolution occurs in humans, but also in wild and domestic birds and pigs. Cross-species transmission is common due to agricultural practices like factory farming. Any time a virus crosses species it will adapt to the new host. This can also have unpredictable effects. There are many flu viruses circulating in animals and going back and forth between species. This is not the case for SARS-CoV-2. While there has been some cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 between humans and farmed mink, this is much less common than for influenza. There are also not multiple sarbecoviruses (SARS-like beta coronaviruses) circulating in domestic animals the way there is for flu. So the selection pressures driving SARS-CoV-2 are mainly from human hosts, not from a combination of humans + multiple species of birds + pigs. No reassortment is occurring to rapidly create new emergent strains. Mutation is occurring at a slower rate. While the emergence of new variants with increased transmissibility, different immune properties, and *maybe* increased virulence (I’m not convinced) is indeed ominous, it’s nothing like influenza and we should be glad that it’s not.

evo ga i Rafa, mase fanovima:

jesmo preneli da se i Venus pojavila na balkonu?

Bresnik Monfov trener. Kako li ce to da funkcionise?

ali bitno je da on pije corona pivo elem, ova situcija u Australiji je bas ogolila sve "nepravde" kao i pravi karakter odredjenih aktera. Rafa ni da pisne (ako eventualno za Endija mozes da nadjes izgovor da se eto kao borio s virusom - no obzirom da je stigao da pregovara za sebe, mogao je i koju da prozbori za svoje kolege). A znao je kad treba da opljune i on. Tim makar nije ni u kakvom PC, on je jos i ranije rekao da nece da daje svoj zaradjeni novac nekima koji mozda ne treniraju predano kao on. Nije se folirao kao Rafa da je sad on tu nesto bezgresni andjelcic.

A sta kazes na to sto je clan PC i nista nije ni rekao ni uradio da se olaksa situacija igracima koje predstavlja? A to mu je "u opisu posla" kao clanu PC. A ovamo je prvi da na twiteru opljune po necemu sto je "moderno" za opljunuti. Anisimova, DavidovicFokina, Sousa, Kiz su takodje bili pozitivni na ovom testu pred let i ljudi naravno da nisu ni pregovarali ni razmatrali kasnije pridruzivanje igracima u Australiji. Znali su tacno sta im je receno koja su pravila. Znao je i Endi, ali je ipak pokusao da pregovara (i to posle onakvog odgovora premijera Viktorije/Australije da nema sanse da se teniseri tretiraju drugacije od ostalih koji dodju u Australiju).

A sto da ne? PR je napravio od njega "feministu", prvi je kad treba da opljune po onom po kom treba, sad je kao usao u Savet igraca (ugurali ga Britanci), a cuti o situaciji u Australiji i pokusava da za sebe izboksuje posebno pravilo da udje u Australiju i ima nekakav karantin koji ce mu odgovarati (tako stoji u medijima), iako je jasno i glasno jos u novembru receno da igraci nece moci da dolaze u Australiju kad ko hoce, vec da ce iskljucivo moci da dodju u 2 definisana dana i to charter letovima koje organizuje AO. Pored toga, britanski teniski "novinari" su prethodnih dana pljuvali na sva zvona Novaka koji je pokusao da nadje nacin da olaksa situaciju ovima koji su u najstrozem karanitnu (bez mogucnosti izlaska iz sobe na trening), a sad na velika zvona udarili u tugu i zalost sto Endiju nje dozvoljen specijalni tretman.

evo ga i ovaj se javio: uplasili se da ce ogroman broj igraca da se prikljuci PTPA, pa udarili u PR kontraofanzivu preko poznatih piona (posto prvobitno zastrasivanje i ucutkivanje nije upalilo). Ceka se Rafa da i on prozbori koju (a videcemo hoce li se i Fed i Endi javiti iz daljine).

ne vidim da je neko nadao dreku sto je Endi "zahtevao" da kasnije dodje i igra AO.

Dzudi nasla listu gde je Endi ispred Novaka

https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2021/jan/21/no-special-treatment-in-adelaide-says-dominic-thiem-australian-open https://www.eurosport.de/tennis/australian-open/2021/thiem-exlusiv-im-podcast-uber-die-quarantane-situation-schwerer-wettbewerbsnachteil_sto8076965/story.shtml

Koliko ja znam Timova devojka nije s njim, to samo Tomic dovodi svoju devojku "glumicu" sa sobom u karantin. Ne znam da li je i Azarenka dovela sina. Anderson ocigledno jeste doveo zenu i dete. Ne verujem da je iko od nize rangiranih igraca/igracica doveo ikog od familije. Njima i nije bilo dozvoljeno da dovedu vise od 2 osobe s sobom. Tim je dao neki intervju austrijskim medijima.

hajde da stavim ovde: nemam pojma kakva je aplikacija, ali eto, Karolina je preporucuje.