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Covid-19 / SARS-Cov2 - naučne/medicinske informacije i analize


wwww
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Dragi forumaši, molimo vas da u vreme ove krize ostanemo prisebni i racionalni i da pisanjem na ovoj temi ne dođemo u situaciju da naudimo nekome. Stoga:

 

- nemojte davati savete za uzimanje lekova i bilo kakvu terapiju, čak i ako ste zdravstveni radnik - jedini ispravni put za sve one koji eventualno osećaju simptome je da se jave svom lekaru ili na neki od telefonskih brojeva koji su za to predviđeni.

- takođe - ne uzimajte lekove napamet! Ni one proverene, ni one potencijalne - obratite se svom lekaru!

- nemojte prenositi neproverene informacije koje bi mogle nekoga da dovedu u zabludu i eventualno mu načine štetu. Znamo da je u moru informacija po pitanju ove situacije jako teško isfiltrirati one koje su lažne, pogrešne ili zlonamerne, ali potrudite se - radi se o zdravlju svih nas. Pokušajte da informacije sa kojekakvih obskurnih sajtova i sumnjivih izvora ne prenosite. Ili ih prvo proverite pre nego što ih prenesete.

- potrudite se da ne dižete paniku svojim postovima - ostanimo mirni i racionalni.

 

Budimo dostojanstveni u ovoj krizi, ovakve situacije su ogledalo svih nas. 

Hvala na razumevanju.

 

Vaš tim Vox92

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Clanak o kineskoj vakcini Sinovac i rasprava o njenoj efektivnosti - najbolji zakljucak, cak i ako efektivnost nije toliko velika kao kod Pfizer i Moderne, ali je dovoljno velika da spreci ozbiljne simptome i smrt:

 

"Dr. Paul Offit, director of the Vaccine Education Center and a member of the Food and Drug Administration's vaccine advisory board, agrees: "To me, the goal of this vaccine is to keep you out of the hospital and keep you out of the morgue."

 

Prevod:

"Doktor Paul Offit, direktor Centra za obrazovanje o vakcinama i član savetodavnog odbora Uprave za hranu i lekove, slaže se: „Meni je cilj ove vakcine da vas drži van bolnice i van mrtvačnice"

 

China's Sinovac Vaccine Is Rolling Out Around The World. Will It Work?

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5 minutes ago, Sunshine State said:

@wwww

 

Jesu oni vakcinisali kako bi trebalo, uz 3 nedelje razmaka?

 

Citam da sve vise drzava planira da malo "rastegne" period izmedju dve doze, zbog manjeg broja vakcina trenutno, pa me bas zanima kako ce to uticati na situaciju/brojke nakon takve 1 . doze?

Israel striktno vodi racuna o 21 dan izmedju doza. 

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https://www.timesofisrael.com/israels-virus-czar-says-1st-dose-less-effective-than-pfizer-indicated-report/amp/?__twitter_impression=true

 

Kazu da je manje efikasna prva doza nego sto su tvrdili iz Fajzera.

 

Ali bila je i oprecna vest isto iz Izraela pre par dana.

 

Mislim da moramo jos malo sacekati za definitivan zakljucak, mene interesuje kako utice na tezinu bolesti, mada kazu u ovom clanku sto sam okacio da ukupno gledano ne vide razliku u tome

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Gledam clanak, pise:

"Over 2 million Israelis have had their first Pfizer shot. Over 400,000 have had the second.

Over 12,400 have people tested positive for coronavirus after receiving vaccine shots; this figure includes 69 people who have received the second dose."

 

Vrlo je bitno i da se kaze kad su testirani kao pozitivni - ako je vrlo brzo nakon prve doze, moguce je da su vec bili u inkubacionom periodu kad su primili vakcinu.

No, svejedno, 12 400 je 0.62 % od ovih koji su primili prvu dozu.... meni deluje vrlo prihvatljiva brojka!

 

Od 400 000 s drugom dozom, ima samo 0.017 % koji su pozitivni posle druge doze. Sasvim impresivno!

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Study has been waited for a long time. Polypill, ie cholesterol lowering drug, beta blocker + blood pressure lowering drug (all in 1 pill) + aspirin was used to prevent heart attack / stroke. This simple cheap prevention (generic) lowers risk by 30%

 

  

14 hours ago, Devojka Luke Razića said:

...

   

bese tebe mozda zanima gornja vest? 

 

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4 hours ago, Sunshine State said:

Gledam clanak, pise:

"Over 2 million Israelis have had their first Pfizer shot. Over 400,000 have had the second.

Over 12,400 have people tested positive for coronavirus after receiving vaccine shots; this figure includes 69 people who have received the second dose."

 

Vrlo je bitno i da se kaze kad su testirani kao pozitivni - ako je vrlo brzo nakon prve doze, moguce je da su vec bili u inkubacionom periodu kad su primili vakcinu.

No, svejedno, 12 400 je 0.62 % od ovih koji su primili prvu dozu.... meni deluje vrlo prihvatljiva brojka!

 

Od 400 000 s drugom dozom, ima samo 0.017 % koji su pozitivni posle druge doze. Sasvim impresivno!

 

I ovo pitanje "posle druge doze" je opet vremenski interesantno, jer nije svejedno kada su se zarazili. I nakon druge doze potrebno je 10-14 dana da vakcina ispolji pun raspon dejstva, tj da se antitela razviju u punoj meri.

 

Mene u stvari zanima koliki je broj zaraženih nakon toga.

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Ono što takođe ne znam je - koliko je ljudi došlo u dodir a virusom. Ne bih rekao da svi vakcinisani ne izbivaju iz klubova.

 

Tako da 0.62% nije cela istina.

tj sve ove cifre su pre nekog marta meseca relativne.

 

Ako Izrael od marta

- ne bude imao mere

- ne bude imao novi talas

 

to će biti pravi dokaz da vakcina štiti.

 

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6 hours ago, Sunshine State said:

Od 400 000 s drugom dozom, ima samo 0.017 % koji su pozitivni posle druge doze. Sasvim impresivno!

pa nije svih 400k ljudi bilo u dodiru sa virusom, cak ne znamo ni priblizan broj ljudi koji su u bili u dodiru sa virusom, ovde nema kontrolne grupe niti placeba.
inace, citao sam neki article o tome koliko je samo jedna doza ucinkovita, makar kad je rec o fajzerovoj vakcini, pa kazu da su pratili stanje antitela kod ljudi koji su primili vakcinu i primetili da se tek od 12og dana pocinje nesto desavati sa organizmom i proizvodnjom antitela. do tada je situacija bukvalno ista u organizmu onoga ko je vakcinisan i onog ko nije.

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4 minutes ago, djura.net said:

pa nije svih 400k ljudi bilo u dodiru sa virusom, cak ne znamo ni priblizan broj ljudi koji su u bili u dodiru sa virusom, ovde nema kontrolne grupe niti placeba.
inace, citao sam neki article o tome koliko je samo jedna doza ucinkovita, makar kad je rec o fajzerovoj vakcini, pa kazu da su pratili stanje antitela kod ljudi koji su primili vakcinu i primetili da se tek od 12og dana pocinje nesto desavati sa organizmom i proizvodnjom antitela. do tada je situacija bukvalno ista u organizmu onoga ko je vakcinisan i onog ko nije.

 

Naravno, ali recimo da je za ocekivati da ce tako biti gde god se vakcinisu, bas zato sto nije kontrolisana studija. Sto bi u Izraelu manje ili vise ljudi bilo u dodiru s virusom nakon druge vakcine, nego, recimo u Svajcarskoj?

 

 

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Sorry, dudes!

 

Sex differences in immune responses

 

"Evidence increasingly indicates that male sex is a risk factor for more severe disease and death from COVID-19. Male bias in COVID-19 mortality is observed in nearly all countries with available sex-disaggregated data, and the risk of death in males is ∼1.7 times higher than in females (1). Aging is strongly associated with higher risk of death in both sexes, but at all ages above 30 years, males have a significantly higher mortality risk, rendering older males the most vulnerable group (1). Sex differences are intertwined with differences in gender roles socially and with behavioral factors, which also influence COVID-19 incidence and outcomes. However, there are also possible biological mechanisms of male sex bias that affect the severity of COVID-19, particularly with respect to immune responses."

 

Prevod (za mog druga @koca popovic😞

 

Dokazi sve više pokazuju da je muški pol faktor rizika za teže bolesti i smrt od COVID-19. Muško ucesce u mortalitetu od COVID-19 primećuje se u skoro svim zemljama sa dostupnim podacima razvrstanim po polu, a rizik od smrti kod muškaraca je ∼1,7 puta veći nego kod žena (1). Starenje je snažno povezano sa većim rizikom od smrti kod oba pola, ali u svim uzrastima starijim od 30 godina, muškarci imaju znatno veći rizik od smrtnosti, što čini starije muškarce najugroženijom grupom (1). Polne razlike su isprepletene sa razlikama u rodnim ulogama u društvenom pogledu i sa faktorima ponašanja, koji takođe utiču na učestalost i ishode COVID-19. Međutim, takođe postoje mogući biološki mehanizmi muškog pola koji utiču na težinu COVID-19, posebno u pogledu imunoloških odgovora.

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Mutation drives evolution. All RNA viruses, including both orthomyxoviruses (flu) and coronaviruses, have a high mutation rate because the enzyme (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase or RdRp) that copies the genome during replication can’t proofread.

(Incidentally our enzymes that copy our genomes when our cells divide, called DNA polymerase, does have proofreading capabilities, so we have fewer mutations. That, along with our much lower reproduction rate, is why evolution occurs over a much longer time scale for us)

 

So if the RdRp makes an error, or a typo, when copying the genome, that’s a mutation, a normal occurrence for RNA viruses. However, coronaviruses have another enzyme that DOES proofread, like a partial spell checker. So CoVs have a lower mutation rate than influenza viruses.

 

Influenza also has a segmented genome. CoV genomes are one big piece of RNA, while flu genomes are divided into 8 pieces. That means if a bird, a pig, or a human is infected with 2 different influenza viruses at once, they can mix and match genome segments, called reassortment.

Reassortment can result in new influenza viruses with unpredictable properties. Reassortant viruses can have different host range, different transmissibility, & different pathogenicity. This can result in rapid emergence of completely new strains.

 

Coronaviruses can’t reassort because they don’t have segmented genomes. They can recombine but there’s no evidence that recombination is occurring, particularly with regard to these new variants.

 

Finally, influenza and coronaviruses are subject to different selection pressures driving evolution. Flu evolution occurs in humans, but also in wild and domestic birds and pigs. Cross-species transmission is common due to agricultural practices like factory farming.

Any time a virus crosses species it will adapt to the new host. This can also have unpredictable effects. There are many flu viruses circulating in animals and going back and forth between species. This is not the case for SARS-CoV-2.

 

While there has been some cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 between humans and farmed mink, this is much less common than for influenza. There are also not multiple sarbecoviruses (SARS-like beta coronaviruses) circulating in domestic animals the way there is for flu.

 

So the selection pressures driving SARS-CoV-2 are mainly from human hosts, not from a combination of humans + multiple species of birds + pigs. No reassortment is occurring to rapidly create new emergent strains. Mutation is occurring at a slower rate.

 

While the emergence of new variants with increased transmissibility, different immune properties, and *maybe* increased virulence (I’m not convinced) is indeed ominous, it’s nothing like influenza and we should be glad that it’s not.

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Kavaleri je takođe obelodanio da se očekuje i da se u kratkom roku osvoji i počne proizvodnja specifičnih "monoklonalnih antitela" (Monoclonal Antibodies Mab) koji, kao važan imunini odgovor, treba da budu korišćeni za suzbijanje zaraze.

 

 

Stasu sad ovi mabovi leba ti, jos ovo nismo culi.

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